Medicines for Heart Disorders

Which are the popular Medicines prescribed for Heart Disorders?

A person having heart disorder is more likely to take medication for the rest of life. Medicines in Heart disorders can be of many types. These can be monotherapy or a combination of different drugs.

Commonly prescribed Medicines for Heart Disorders are diuretics, vasodilators, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors.

The following list provides you a quick look at medications prescribed for heart disorders. Brand names, company, and pack details are shown in parentheses.

Medicines for Heart Disorders
  • Acenocoumarol: It is a vitamin K antagonist and inhibits the reduction of vitamin K by acting on vitamin K epoxide reductase.

This in turn prevents gamma-carboxylation of the glutamic acid residues in the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors such as factor II, VII, IX, and X and anticoagulant protein C and S. As a result of this, thrombin formation is inhibited and clotting cannot occur.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Amlodipine: It acts directly on the vascular smooth muscle and decreases the peripheral vascular resistance by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. This, in turn, causes a decrease in blood pressure.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Atenolol: It is a beta-blocker and antagonizes the sympathetic innervation.

This, in turn, increases the release of norepinephrine from the peripheral nervous system and prevents the increase in the heart rate, electrical conductivity, and contractility in the heart. 

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Ticagrelor : The drug and its major metabolite reversibly binds to the allosteric site of the P2Y12 subtype adenosine diphosphate receptor and prevents signal transduction and platelet activation.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Cilnidipine: It acts on and inhibits the L-type and N-type calcium channels of blood vessels.

This in turn inhibits the influx of calcium and contraction of blood vessels that finally reduce the blood pressure. It also inhibits the emission of norepinephrine at the sympathetic nerve and aids in the reduction of stress blood pressure.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Telmisartan: It is an angiotensin (AT) receptor blocker and prevents the binding of angiotensin-II with the AT receptors located in the vascular smooth muscles, adrenal gland, and other tissues.

This in turn blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects produced by angiotensin-II.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Clopidogrel: It is a prodrug and gets metabolized by carboxylesterase-1 to form the active form that irreversibly binds to the P2Y12 Adenosine diphosphate receptors on the platelets.

This in turn inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate to the receptors and thereby blocks the ADP-mediated activation of glycoprotein GP IIb/IIIa complex. All these ultimately prevent the aggregation of platelets.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Bisoprolol: It selectively and competitively blocks the stimulation of β1 adrenoreceptors by the adrenaline that in turn reduces the contractility and heart rate of the heart muscle and pacemaker cells.

As a result of this, the cardiac output and blood pressure also decrease. It also reduces the secretion of renin by the kidneys.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Torsemide: It is a loop diuretic and acts on the thick ascending loop of Henle. It inhibits the Na+/K+/Cl cotransporter by binding to the chloride ion binding site of this pump.

It also reduces the expression of aldosterone synthase, thromboxane A2 and transforming growth factor beta-1. These changes along with a reduction in aldosterone receptor binding are due to the inhibition of the downstream cascade following angiotensin-II activation.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Acetylsalicylic acid: It irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme in the platelets and megakaryocytes.

This in turn prevents the formation of thromboxane A2 that is essential for the platelet aggregation and clot formation. Thereby it acts as an antiplatelet agent.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Atorvastatin: It is a lipid-lowering drug that competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-2-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A) enzyme and prevents the conversion of HMGCoA to mevalonate.

It also enhances the uptake of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in the liver by upregulating the LDL receptors. It also elicits its action by reducing the very low-density lipoproteins- cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and intermediate-density lipoproteins.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Trimetazidine: It inhibits β-oxidation of free fatty acids and increases the metabolic rate of glucose as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase activity.

This corrects the imbalance between glucose oxidation and glycolysis. It also directly inhibits cardiac fibrosis.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Ivabradine: It lowers heart rate by selectively inhibiting the channel responsible for the cardiac pacemaker current.

It also prolongs diastolic depolarization and reduces myocardial oxygen demand by disrupting the flow of this current.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Losartan: Losartan and its 5-carboxylic acid metabolite selectively inhibit angiotensin-II receptor type-1 (AT1) and reduces the end-organ responses to angiotensin-II.

It antagonizes the release of aldosterone, reduces total peripheral resistance and cardiac venous return. These changes facilitate its use as an antihypertensive agent.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Hydrochlorthiazide : It is a thiazide diuretic that acts on the distal convoluted tubule by inhibiting the reabsorption by the sodium-chloride symporter.

This in turn reduces the difference in concentration gradient between the epithelial cells and the distal convoluted tubule and thereby prevents reabsorption of water.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Metoprolol: It is a selective beta-1 blocker that specifically inhibits the beta receptors present in the cardiac cells. This causes negative chronotropic and ionotropic effects that in turn reduces cardiac output and heart rate. It also reduces cardiac excitability and myocardial oxygen demand.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Prazosin: It inhibits post-synaptic α1 ­adrenoreceptor and prevents the vasoconstricting effect of catecholamines on the peripheral blood vessels.

This in turn leads to peripheral vessel dilation and reduces the blood pressure.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Nebivolol: It inhibits the beta-1 adrenoreceptors present in the heart and decreases cardiac contractility, heart rate, cardiac output, and ultimately blood pressure.

It also potentiates the effects of nitric oxide to exert a vasodilatory effect on the vascular smooth muscle.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Nicorandil: It activates ATP-dependent potassium channels and causes hyperpolarization that in turn limits the duration of action potential and prevents intracellular calcium overload.

It also reduces calcium influx and mobilization in smooth muscle cells and produces vasodilation. The nitrate moiety of nicorandil also dilates the vascular smooth muscles by the stimulation of guanylyl cyclase and by increasing intracellular cGMP levels.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Nitroglycerin: It forms a free radical nitric oxide that activates guanylate cyclase and results in an increase of guanosine – 3’,5’- monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in smooth muscles and other tissues.

These changes lead to the dephosphorylation of myosin light chains that are essential for maintaining the contractile state of the muscle and ultimately result in vasodilation.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Rosuvastatin: It is a lipid-lowering agent that inhibits HMGCoA reductase and prevents the conversion of HMGCoA to mevalonate.

It also enhances the uptake of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in the liver by upregulating the LDL receptors. It also elicits its action by reducing the very low-density lipoproteins- cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and intermediate-density lipoproteins.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Sacubitril: It is a prodrug that gets converted to sacubitrilat by the action of esterases.

The active metabolite inhibits neprilysin, an enzyme that is responsible for the degradation of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide and other peptides like bradykinin. Inhibition of this enzyme in turn exerts a vasodilatory and antihypertensive effect.

Medicines for Heart Disorders

Valsartan: It is angiotensin – II receptor blocker that selectively binds to the ATreceptor and prevents the binding of angiotensin-II with this receptor to exert its hypertensive effects.

As a result of this, it reduces blood pressure, lowers aldosterone levels, reduces cardiac activity, and increases the excretion of sodium.

Heart Disorders Medicines

Enlisted herewith are the details of popularly used Medicines for Heart Disorders; brands, pack details.

Brand NameCompositinoCompanyPack
ACITROMACENOCOUMAROLABBOTTAcitorm 2 Acenocoumarol Acitrom, Prescription, In Strip, Rs 344 /per unit |  ID: 14237908012
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BRILINTATICAGRELORASTRAZENECABrilinta reduces risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary  artery disease and Type 2 diabetes
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DYTORTORASEMIDECIPLADytor Tablet, Packaging Size: Medium, Rs 58 /pack Generic Meds Exim Private  Limited | ID: 10697780130
ECOSPRIN GOLDACETYLSALICYLIC ACID + ATORVASTATIN + CLOPIDOGRELU S VEcosprin Gold benefits, side effects, price, dose, how to use, interactions
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METOSARTANMETOPROLOL TARTRATE + TELMISARTANSUNMetosartan 50 Mg Tablet, Pharma Tablets, फार्मास्यूटिकल टैबलेट - Modern  Agencies, Nagpur | ID: 19743096297
MINIPRESS-XLPRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDEPFIZERMinipress XL 5mg, Packaging Type: Strips, Rs 4280 /box Oswal Enterprises |  ID: 20118345430
NEBICARDNEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDETORRENT PHARMANebivolol 5 mg Nebicard Tablet, Rs 136.45 /pack Jackmup International  Trading Private Limited | ID: 22255833162
NIKORANNICORANDILTORRENT PHARMANikoran 5Mg Tablet (20 Tablets In 1 Strip) Price : Buy Nikoran 5Mg Tablet  (20 Tablets In 1 Strip) Online at Best Price in india- Shoponn.in
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PRAZOPRESSPRAZOSINSUNBuy PRAZOPRESS XL 5MG TABLET - Apollo Pharmacy.
ROSUVASROSUVASTATINSUNRosuvas F 10 - Strip of 15 Tablets: Amazon.in
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TELMATELMISARTANGLENMARK PHARMATelma Telma 40mg Tablets, 40 Mg, Rs 160 /strip Goldy Associates | ID:  17372924255
TELMA-AMAMLODIPINE BESILATE + TELMISARTANGLENMARK PHARMABuy TELMA AM TABLET - Apollo Pharmacy.
TELMA-HHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE + TELMISARTANGLENMARK PHARMATelma H Tablet | E-Medical Point
TELMIKIND-AMAMLODIPINE BESILATE + TELMISARTANMANKINDBuy TELMIKIND AM TABLET - Apollo Pharmacy.
TELMIKIND-HHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE + TELMISARTANMANKINDBuy Telmikind H TAblet 10's(Telmisartan (40mg) + Hydrochlorothiazide  (12.5mg) Online at Best Price in India - Om Health Cart
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References : Medicines for Heart Disorders

  1. drug bank-1
  2. Acenocoumarol
  3. drug bank 2
  4. drug bank 3
  5. wikipedia- Ticagrelor#Mechanism_of_action
  6. brilinta-drug
  7. drug bank 4
  8. drugs at fda
  9. drug bank 5
  10. Bisoprolol
  11. Bisoprolol Mechanism
  12. Bisoprolol cardioprotective
  13. drug bank 6
  14. drug bank 7
  15. antiplatelet-drugs
  16. drug bank 8
  17. Trimetazidine
  18. drug bank 7
  19. Wikipedia-Losartan
  20. drug bank 8
  21. drug bank 9
  22. drug bank.com 10
  23. Nebivolol
  24. drug bank 11
  25. drug bank 12
  26. Wikipedia- Sacubitril
  27. drug bank 13
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