| Parameters | Description |
|---|---|
| Category of Drug | Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic. Read More: Which are the popular Medicines prescribed for Heart Disorders? |
| Structure 1 |  |
| Molecular details 1 | Mol formula- C7H8ClN3O4S2 Mol weight- 297.7 g/mol |
| IUPAC Name 1 | 6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1λ6,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide |
| Mechanism of Action | Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that acts on the distal convoluted tubule by inhibiting the reabsorption by the sodium-chloride symporter. This in turn reduces the difference in concentration gradient between the epithelial cells and the distal convoluted tubule and thereby prevents reabsorption of water. |
| Indications | 1. monotherapy in-mild hypertension 2. combination therapy in- moderate to severe hypertension; heart failure; edema; diabetes insipidus |
| Well Known Pharmaceutical Brands | The following brands are the combination therapies of hydrochlorothiazide. 1. TRIPIN OM- LUPIN 2. TRIOLMIGHTY- MERCK 3. TRIOLMESAR- MACLEODS 4. TELVAS 3D- ARISTO 5. TELMIKIND-MANKIND 6. TAZLOC TRIO- USV 7. TAH- INTAS 8. CRESAR PLUS- CIPLA |
| Available dosage forms | TABLETS  |
| Dose | 1. Hypertension: 12.5 to 25 mg daily. 2. Heart failure: Loading dose- 25 mg daily on waking up, maintenance dose- 50 mg daily if necessary. |
| Contraindications | 1. Severe renal or severe hepatic impairment 2. hyponatremia 3. hypercalcemia 4. gout 5. anuria 6. sulphonamide allergy |
| Precautions | 1. Renal and hepatic impairment 2. lactation 3. porphyria; severe heart failure; edema; hyperlipidemia; interactions 4. pregnancy |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance 2. weakness; lethargy; drowsiness; seizures; headache; muscle pains or cramps; hypotension 3. hypercalcemia; hyperglycemia; hyperuricemia; gout; rash; photosensitivity 4. pancreatitis; intrahepatic cholestasis; acute renal failure; hypersensitivity reactions |
| Pregnancy Category | B |
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