Ibuprofen is an Analgesics, Antipyretics, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug. NSAIDs are a collective class of compounds widely used in several different types of indications. The drugs under this class have effects ranging from analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protection, with varying levels of effectiveness. These are one of the most commonly available OTC (over the counter) drugs.
The most common of them include paracetamol, diclofenac, and aspirin. They are sometimes, also referred to as non- narcotic, non-opioid, or aspirin-like analgesics.
| Parameters | Details |
|---|---|
| Category of Drug | Ibuprofen is an Analgesics, Antipyretics, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs |
| Mechanism of Action | Ibuprofen is a non-selective COX inhibitor. It inhibits the activity of both COX-1 and COX-2. The inhibition of COX-2 activity (1) decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins involved in mediating inflammation, pain, fever, and swelling. In contrast, COX-1 inhibition cause some of the side effects of ibuprofen, including GI ulceration. |
| Indications | Ibuprofen is used for 1. Pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders 2. Mild to moderate pain including dysmenorrhoeal pain, headache 3. Pain in children 4. Acute migraine attack. |
| Structure |  |
| Molecular Details (2) | Molecular Weight- 206.28 g/mol Chemical Formula- C13H18O2 |
| IUPAC Name | 2-[4-(2-methyl propyl)phenyl]propanoic acid |
| Well Known Pharmaceutical Brands | BRUFEN- ABBOTT IBUGESIC- CIPLA NUPRIN- ERIS LIFESCIENCES  |
| Available dosage forms | 1. TABLETS 2. CAPSULES 3. SUSPENSION |
| Dose | Adults- initially 300 to m400 mg 3 to 4 times daily Children: 5-10 mg/kg 3 to 4 times/day (Maximum daily dose: 40 mg/kg/day) |
| Contraindications | 1. Hypersensitivity 2. Active peptic ulceration 3. For the treatment of preoperative pain in the the setting of coronary artery bypass graft surgery 4. Neonates with congenital heart disease. |
| Pharmacokinetic Properties | 1. peak serum concentration-1 to 2 hours 2. volume of distribution – 0.1 L/kg 3. 99% bound to plasma proteins 4. rapidly metabolized and biotransformed in the major metabolites 5. The serum half-life- 1.2-2 hours 6. clearance rate-3-13 L/h 7. eliminated in the urine – more than 90% |
| Precautions | 1. Renal and hepatic impairment 2. Preferably avoid if the history of peptic ulceration 3. Cardiac disease 4. Elderly 5. Pregnancy 6. lactation 7. Coagulation defects 8. Allergic disorders |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Gastrointestinal disturbances 2. Hypersensitivity reactions 3. bronchospasm 4. Headache 5. Dizziness 6. Nervousness 7. Depression 8. Drowsiness 9. Insomnia 10. Vertigo 11. Tinnitus 12. Photosensitivity |
| Pregnancy Category | C |
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