| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Category of Drug | Cisplatin (Alkylating agent) is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug and Immunosuppressives Drug |
| Mechanism of Action (1) | 1. The alkyl groups attach to DNA bases, preventing DNA synthesis and RNA transcription from the affected DNA. 2. The formation of cross-links causes DNA damage which prevents DNA from being separated for synthesis or transcription, 3. Mutation is caused due to the mispairing of the nucleotides |
| Structure (2) |  |
| Molecular details | Weight: 300.05 Chemical Formula- Cl2H6N2Pt |
| Indications | Cisplatin is used for 1. Metastatic testicular tumors 2. Metastatic ovarian tumors (3) 3. Advanced bladder carcinoma and other solid tumors |
| Pharmacokinetic properties | 1. Absorption- concentrations of platinum are highest in the liver, prostate, and kidney; it remains present in tissues as long as 180 days after the last administration. Volume of distribution 2. Vd = 11-12 L/m^2 3. Protein binding- 90% of the plasma platinum is protein bound. 4. Metabolism- NA 5. Route of elimination- Major part excreted in the urine. 6. Half-life- 20 to 30 minutes |
| Well Known Pharmaceutical Brands | KEMOPLAT- FRESENIUS KABI CELPLAT- CELON LAB CIZCAN- NEON LABS PLATINEX- KHANDELWAL CISPLAT- ZYDUS CADILA |
| Available dosage forms | INJECTION |
| Dose | 1. Ovarian tumor: 50 mg/m2 of body surface area once every three weeks. 2. 2. 2. Bladder cancer: 50 to 70 mg/m2 once every 3 to 4 weeks. 3. Testicular tumor: 20 mg/m2 for 5 days every 3 weeks for 3 courses. |
| Contraindications | 1. Hypersensitivity 2. Renal impairment 3. Pregnancy 4. Lactation |
| Precautions | 1. Hyperuricaemia 2. Hypomagnesaemia 3. Hypocalcaemia 4. Interactions |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Tinnitus 2. Neuropathy |
| Pregnancy Category | D |
