| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Category of Drug | Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Read more: Which are the popular Medicines prescribed for Heart Disorders? |
 | |
| Molecular details | Formula- C22H23ClN6O Molecular weight- 422.9 g/mol |
| IUPAC Name | [2-butyl-5-chloro-3-[[4-[2-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]imidazol-4-yl]methanol |
| Mechanism of Action | Losartan and its 5-carboxylic acid metabolite selectively inhibit angiotensin-II receptor type-1 (AT1) and reduces the end-organ responses to angiotensin-II. It antagonizes the release of aldosterone, reduces total peripheral resistance and cardiac venous return. These changes facilitate its use as an antihypertensive agent. |
| Indications | Losartan is used for 1. Congestive heart failure 2. Hypertension 3. With left ventricular hypertrophy 5. Diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes |
| Well Known Pharmaceutical Brands | TOZAAR-TORRENT COVANCE- SUN LOSACAR-ZYDUS CADILA LOSAKIND-MANKIND LOSANORM-IPCA LOSAR-TORRENT LOSIUM- CADILA LOSTAT-BLUE CROSS OMNITAN- MACLEODS REPACE-SUN |
| Available dosage forms | TABLETS |
| Dose | 50 mg PO once a day initially; may increase to up to 100 mg/day |
| Contraindications | 1. Hyperaldosteronism 2. Hypersensitivity 3. Pregnancy 4. lactation |
| Precautions | 1. Pre-existing heart, liver or kidney diseases 2. Diabetes 3. lactation 4. Volume-depleted patients 5. Renal artery stenosis 6. Monitor serum potassium concentration 7. Elderly 8. Interactions |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Abdominal pain 2. Edema 3. Palpitation 3. Back pain 4. Dizziness 5. Sinusitis 6. Upper respiratory tract infection 7. Gastrointestinal disturbances 8. Transient elevation of liver enzymes 9. Impaired renal function 10. Taste disturbances |
| Pregnancy Category | C |
References
- National formulary
- uses
- properties
- Indications and dosage
- side effects
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