Ophthalmic treatments for eye diseases rely mostly on eye drop medication administered to the patients in an outpatient setting. Eye drop administration appears to be easy. However, patients with compromised eyesight may face difficulties. Additionally, drug action duration is shorter, requiring frequent administration (one to eight times a day). This results in the patients’ non-compliance, […]
For a long time, the vagina was considered as an organ incapable of systematically absorbing drugs. The development of newer routes has made way to consider the vagina and the uterus as the administration routes. There are several benefits to it. These routes avoid the hepatic first-pass metabolism effect and allow female patients to self-administer
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Microencapsulation is widely used to manufacture prolonged-release dosage forms, pulsatile release dosage forms, and targeted drug delivery systems. Apart from this, it has some other standard Applications of microencapsulation that are listed as follows : Applications of microencapsulation Encapsulation of the drug prevents its contact with the biological fluid unnecessarily and thereby improves the drug
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The basic substrate of the mucosal drug delivery system is the mucus layer. This layer comprises 95 % water and 0.5 to 5 % glycoproteins and lipids. Other minor constituents of the mucus are mineral salts and free proteins. Let us discuss mucosal drug delivery concepts, limitations, and advantages. General concepts in Mucosal Drug Delivery:
Administration of drugs by targeting the mucosal membranes such as the lining of the mouth, vagina, and bladder is called mucosal drug delivery. This system provides intimate contact between the dosage form and the absorptive mucosa and ensures a high drug concentration in the local treatment of diseases. Owing to the high permeability of the
A wide variety of ever-increasing IUD drug delivery systems with different formulations and properties are available in the market. We can find the in vitro tests in different pharmacopeias and monographs. There are methods to analyze the quality control of the final product. However, predictability cannot be estimated appropriately. The advantages are encouraging comprehensive Applications
The method of microencapsulation depends on the core material, the application of the microcapsule, size of particles needed, release characteristics of the microcapsule, and the cost of production. The commonly adopted microencapsulation techniques are : Methods of microencapsulation Air suspension technique Coacervation – Phase separation Spray drying Spray cooling Multi – orifice centrifugal process Pan
Microencapsulation means applying relatively thin coatings to small particles of solids or droplets of liquids or dispersions. It involves the coating of particles ranging from several tenths of a micron to 5000 microns in size. This technique is an effective means of converting liquids to solids by altering their colloidal and surface properties. It also
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Transmucosal permeability refers to the transport of material such as drugs across the oral mucosa. Transmucosal permeability is a unique approach that aims at delivering the drug systemically through the oral mucosa. (rather than delivering drugs that produce a local effect on the oral mucosa, as is the case in mucosal drug delivery.) As an
Multiparticulate drug delivery systems consist of three common constituents: microparticles, microcapsules, and microspheres. These microcarriers do not traverse through the interstitium and therefore produce local action. Multiparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: Major constituents Microparticles – These particles range from 1 to 1000 microns in size and are generally of spheroid shape. They have a well-known matrix or
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