Domperidone is an Antiemetic prescribed for nausea and vomiting. Antiemetics treat motion sickness, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and the side effects of general anesthetics and opioid analgesics.
Few medicines act on the chemoreceptor trigger zone-CTZ (in the brain) by preventing the stimulation. The chemoreceptor trigger zone is a vomiting center. Some medications act as prokinetic agents by speeding up the rate at which the stomach empties.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Category of Drug | Domperidone is antiemetics drug |
| Mechanism of Action | Domperidone is a specific blocker of dopamine receptors. The antiemetic properties of domperidone are related to its dopamine receptor blocking activity at both the chemoreceptor trigger zone and at the gastric level. |
| Molecular details | molecular formula- C22H24ClN5O2 molecular weight- 425.9 g/mol |
| Structure |  |
| IUPAC Name | 6-chloro-3-[1-[3-(2-oxo-3H-benzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperidin-4-yl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-one |
| Indications | Domperidone is used for 1. Nausea and vomiting from any cause in adult 2. Epigastric senses of fullness 3. Upper abdominal distress 4. Non-ulcer Dyspepsia 5. Migraine |
| Well Known Pharmaceutical Brands | 1. DOMSTAL- TORRENT PHARMA 2. DOM- MOREPEN LABS 3. MOTINORM- MEDLEY 4. DOMWAYS- MANKIND 5. MOTILIUM M- JANSSEN 6. VOMISTOP- CIPLA |
| Available dosage forms | 1. TABLETS 2. SYRUP 3. CAPSULE  |
| Dose | Adults- One 10mg tablet up to three times per day with a maximum dose of 30 mg per day- maximum for 1 week |
| Pharmacokinetic properties | Absorption- not known Protein binding- 91%-93% Half-life- 7 hours |
| Contraindications | 1. Hypersensitivity 2. Prolactinoma 3. Hepatic impairment 4. Increased gastrointestinal motility harmful 5. Pregnancy 6. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage 7. Intestinal obstruction |
| Precautions | 1. Children 2. Renal impairment 3. Interactions 4. History of breast cancer 5. Allergies 6. Pheochromocytoma 7. I .v. administration can lead to hypokalaemia and cardiac arrhythmias |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Gastrointestinal disturbances 2. Hyperprolactinaemia 3. Extrapyramidal effects and rashes 4. Headache 5. Dizziness 6. Dry mouth 7. Nervousness 8. Flushing |
| Pregnancy Category | C |
References:
- National formulary
- Drug information
- Description of the molecule
- Dosage forms and strength
- Indications
- Mechanism of action
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