Promethazine is an Antiemetic prescribed for nausea and vomiting. Antiemetics treat motion sickness, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and the side effects of general anesthetics and opioid analgesics
Few medicines act on the chemoreceptor trigger zone-CTZ (in the brain) by preventing the stimulation. The chemoreceptor trigger zone is a vomiting center. Some medications act as prokinetic agents by speeding up the rate at which the stomach empties.
| Parameters | Description |
|---|---|
| Category of Drug | Phenothiazine derivative |
| Mechanism of Action | Promethazine is a direct antagonist at the mesolimbic dopamine receptors and alpha-adrenergic receptors in the brain. |
| Structure 1 |  |
| IUPAC name 1 | N,N-dimethyl-1-phenothiazin-10-ylpropan-2-amine |
| Molecular details 1 | Formula- C17H20N2S Molecular weight- 284.4 g/mol |
| Indications | Promethazine-Antiemetics is used for 1. Nausea 2. Vomiting 3. Labyrinthine disorders 4. Moon sickness 5. Premedication 6. Allergic rhinitis 7. Vasomotor rhinitis |
| Well Known Pharmaceutical Brands | Avomine- Abbott |
| Available dosage forms | 1. TABLETS 2. SYRUP 3. INJECTION  |
| Dose | Nausea and vomiting (including postoperative): 12.5 to 25 mg, repeated at intervals of not less than 4 h |
| Contraindications | 1. Porphyria 2. Hypersensitivity 3. Coma 4. Hypokalaemia |
| Precautions | 1. Prostatic hypertrophy 2. Urinary retention 3. Glaucoma 4. Hepatic disease 5. Epilepsy 6. Elderly and children |
| Adverse Effects | 1. Drowsiness 2. Dizziness 3. Sedation 4. Headache 5. Psychomotor impairment 6. Urinary retention 7. Dry mouth 8. Blurred vision 9. Gastrointestinal disturbances 10. Hypersensitivity reactions 11. Photosensitivity reactions 12. Jaundice 13. Blood disorders |
| Pregnancy Category | C |
References
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