Gemcitabine

Gemcitabine- Indications, Dosage, Contraindications, ADRs

ParametersDescription
Category of DrugGemcitabine is Immunosuppressives Drug
Mechanism of Action 1Gemcitabine inhibits thymidylate synthetase, leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death.
Indications 2 Gemcitabine is used for
1. Pancreas cancer
2. Non-small cell lung cancer
3. Bladder cancer
4. Soft-tissue sarcoma
5. Metastatic breast cancer
6. Ovarian cancer
Chemical structure Gemcitabine.png
Molecular details 3Molecular Formula: C9H11F2N3O4
Molecular Weight: 263.2 g/mol
1. Absorption- 2-compartment model.
2. Volume of distribution- 50 L/m^2
3. Plasma protein binding is negligible (<10%)
4. Metabolism- Transformed via nucleoside kinases
5. Route of elimination- 92% to 98% of the dose excreted via urine
6. Half-life- 42 to 94 minutes
Well Known
Pharmaceutical Brands
1. GEMCITE- ELI LILLY
2. CITAFINE- EMCURE
3. GEMITA- FRESENIUS KABI
4. MYGEM- MYLAN PHARMA
5. CYTOGEM- DRL
Available dosage forms INJECTION
Dose1g/m2 body surface area for over 30 min once a week; for up to 7 weeks
Contraindications 1. Pregnancy
2. Concurrent radical radiotherapy
3. Hypersensitivity
4. lactation
Precautions 1. Gemcitabine is not recommended for patients who can have potentially curve surgery
2. There is insufficient evidence about its use for second-line treatment of pancreatic
adenocarcinoma
3. Hepatic impairment
4. Renal impairment
5. Interactions
Adverse Effects1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Oral mucositis
4. Hyperuricaemia
5. Bone marrow suppression
6. Alopecia
7. Thromboembolism
8. Flu-like syndrome
9. Edema
10. Thrombocythemia;
11. Somnolence
Pregnancy Category

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