Alprazolam

Alprazolam- Indications, Dosage, Contraindications, ADRs

ParametersDescription
Category of DrugTriazolobenzodiazepine. Alprazolam is a Psychotherapeutic Drug
Mechanism of ActionAlprazolam acts on benzodiazepine receptors BNZ-1 and BNZ-2. The effect of alprazolam on BNZ-1 mediates the sedation and anti-anxiety effects.
Chemical Structure (1)
Molecular details Weight: 308.765
Chemical Formula: C17H13ClN4
Pharmacokinetic properties 1. Bioavailability- 84-91%
2. rapidly absorbed in the GIT
3. Vd- 0.8-1.3L/kg.
4. Crosses the BBB
5. Protein binding- 80%  
6. Metabolism- CYP3As
7. Route of elimination- the urine.
8. Plasma Half-life- 11.2 hours
Indications Alprazolam is used for
1. Anxiety disorders
2. Panic attacks
Well Known
Pharmaceutical Brands
Alprax- Torrent
Alpraquil- Lupin
Anxit- Micro
Available dosage formsTABLETS
DoseAdult- 0.25 to 0.5 mg daily 2 to 3 times a day. It is not recommended in children.
Contraindications1. Respiratory depression
2. Marked neuromuscular respiratory weakness including unstable myasthenia gravis
3. Acute pulmonary insufficiency
4. Sleep apnoea syndrome
5. Severe hepatic impairment
6. Not for chronic psychosis
7. should not be used alone in depression or in anxiety with
depression
Precautions1.Respiratory disease
2. Muscle weakness
and myasthenia gravis
3. History of drug or
alcohol abuse
4. Marked personality disorder
5. Pregnancy
6. Lactation
7. Reduce dose in elderly and debilitated and in hepatic impairment
8. Renal impairment
9. Avoid prolonged use
10. Interactions
Adverse Effects1. Drowsiness and lightheadedness on the next
day
2. Confusion and ataxia
3. Amnesia
4. Dependence
5. Paradoxical increase in aggression
6. Muscle weakness
7. Headache
8. Vertigo
9. Hypotension
10. salivation changes
11. Gastrointestinal disturbances
12. Visual disturbances
13. Dysarthria
Pregnancy Category D

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